Stainless Steel 321H Fasteners: High Quality and Versatility at ASC LLP
Stainless steel fasteners are critical components used in various industrial applications due to their superior durability, resistance to corrosion, and ability to withstand extreme temperatures. Among the numerous stainless steel grades available, 321H stainless steel fasteners hold a significant place for their unique properties and versatile uses. In this context, we’ll explore the characteristics, properties, and advantages of stainless steel 321H fasteners, and why they are an ideal choice for different industries.
What is 321H Stainless Steel Fasteners?
321H stainless steel fasteners are high-alloy fasteners made from a specific type of stainless steel known as 321H. Grade 321H is a higher carbon version of stainless steel 321, designed for enhanced strength at high temperatures. This grade contains a higher amount of carbon, which makes it an excellent choice for applications where elevated temperatures are present. The H in 321H stainless steel indicates a higher carbon content, which distinguishes it from its counterpart, Grade 321.
The addition of titanium as a stabilizing element makes 321H stainless steel fasteners resistant to intergranular corrosion, especially after exposure to high temperatures. These fasteners are utilized in a variety of environments where high tensile strength, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance are required, making them suitable for high-pressure environments, petrochemical industries, power plants, and heat exchangers.
Properties of 321H Stainless Steel Fasteners
321H stainless steel fasteners possess a combination of impressive properties, making them an excellent choice for demanding environments. Here are some of the key properties that set these fasteners apart:
- High Temperature Resistance: SS 321H fasteners exhibit excellent resistance to oxidation and can withstand high temperatures, ranging up to 870°C (1600°F). The higher carbon content enhances the material’s ability to maintain mechanical strength in environments with elevated temperatures, such as heat treatment furnaces, boiler plants, and exhaust systems.
- Corrosion Resistance: The 321H stainless steel grade offers good resistance to general corrosion and pitting corrosion in both organic and inorganic acids. The addition of titanium as a stabilizing element provides excellent resistance to intergranular corrosion, particularly after exposure to temperatures between 425-900°C, which could otherwise lead to sensitization.
- Enhanced Strength: Due to its higher carbon content, 321H SS fasteners offer better mechanical strength than Grade 321. This makes them suitable for applications involving high-stress conditions where the structural integrity of the fasteners is critical.
- Formability and Weldability: The material used for 321H SS fasteners is known for good formability and weldability, making it easier to shape and fit into a wide range of configurations. This is particularly useful in construction and assembly processes where custom shapes are required.
- Non-Magnetic Nature: Similar to many austenitic stainless steels, SS 321H fasteners are non-magnetic, which makes them ideal for applications where magnetic interference must be minimized.
Advantages of Using 321H Stainless Steel Fasteners
Using stainless steel fasteners 321H provides a host of benefits that make them highly preferred in specific applications. Below are the major advantages of using 321H stainless steel fasteners:
- Resistance to Scaling and Oxidation: One of the notable advantages of 321H SS fasteners is their resistance to scaling and oxidation, even at temperatures up to 870°C. This makes them highly suitable for applications involving prolonged exposure to high temperatures, such as furnace parts, expansion joints, and high-temperature processing equipment.
- Excellent Thermal Stability: Thanks to the addition of titanium, 321H SS fasteners exhibit remarkable thermal stability, providing enhanced resistance to carbide precipitation. This makes these fasteners ideal for welding and fabrication work where thermal stability is crucial.
- Versatile Applications: 321H grade stainless steel fasteners are used in a variety of industrial applications, including chemical processing, oil and gas industries, heat exchangers, and power generation systems. Their ability to withstand high pressure and temperature makes them suitable for these challenging environments.
- High Tensile Strength: The enhanced carbon content in 321H stainless steel provides greater tensile strength, allowing the fasteners to bear more load without deformation or failure. This property is particularly important for heavy-duty applications where the strength and reliability of fasteners are crucial.
- Reduced Risk of Sensitization: When exposed to temperatures between 425-900°C, standard stainless steels may suffer from carbide precipitation, leading to increased susceptibility to intergranular corrosion. The titanium stabilization in SS 321H fasteners helps in reducing this risk, making them suitable for high-temperature applications where exposure to corrosive elements is common.
Schedule and Size Chart
| Type of Fastener | Standard Sizes (inches) | Diameter Range (inches) | Length Range (inches) |
| Hex Bolts | 1/4″ – 2″ | 0.25″ – 2.0″ | 1″ – 20″ |
| Stud Bolts | 1/4″ – 2″ | 0.25″ – 2.0″ | 3″ – 60″ |
| Hex Nuts | 1/4″ – 2″ | 0.25″ – 2.0″ | – |
| Washers | 1/4″ – 2″ | 0.25″ – 2.0″ | Thickness: 0.06″ – 0.25″ |
| Socket Head Cap Screws | 1/4″ – 1.5″ | 0.25″ – 1.5″ | 1/4″ – 10″ |
| Threaded Rods | 1/4″ – 2″ | 0.25″ – 2.0″ | 1′ – 12′ |
Mechanical Properties Chart
| Property | Value | Condition |
| Tensile Strength | 515 MPa (75 ksi) | Annealed |
| Yield Strength | 205 MPa (30 ksi) | Annealed |
| Elongation (% in 50 mm) | 40% | Annealed |
| Hardness (Rockwell B) | 95 max | Annealed |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 193 GPa | Room Temperature |
| Poisson’s Ratio | 0.27 – 0.30 | Room Temperature |
Specifications Chart
| Standard | Description |
| ASTM A193/A194 | Standard for high-temperature and high-pressure fasteners |
| ASTM A182 | Specification for forged or rolled alloy and stainless steel pipe flanges, forged fittings, and valves |
| DIN 931, 933 | European standard for hex bolts and hex cap screws |
| ASME SA193/SA194 | Specification for high-pressure, high-temperature use |
| ISO 3506 | Specification for corrosion-resistant stainless steel fasteners |
Chemical Composition Chart
| Element | Percentage Composition (%) |
| Carbon (C) | 0.04 – 0.10 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 17.0 – 19.0 |
| Nickel (Ni) | 9.0 – 12.0 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 2.0 max |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.75 max |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.045 max |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.03 max |
| Titanium (Ti) | 5x(C) – 0.7 |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance |
Physical Properties Chart
| Property | Value |
| Density | 8.0 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 1400 – 1425°C (2550 – 2600°F) |
| Thermal Conductivity | 16.1 W/m·K at 100°C |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 500 J/kg·K at 0-100°C |
| Electrical Resistivity | 0.74 µΩ·m at 20°C |
Application Chart
| Industry/Application | Use Case Description |
| Chemical Processing | Used in chemical processing plants for bolting equipment that must withstand corrosive chemicals and high temperatures. |
| Oil and Gas Industry | Utilized in high-pressure and high-temperature conditions such as pipelines, drilling rigs, and oil refineries. |
| Power Generation | Applied in heat recovery units, turbines, and boilers where high-temperature strength is needed. |
| Heat Exchangers and Boilers | Ideal for use in high-temperature heat exchangers, boiler components, and furnace parts. |
| Aerospace and Automotive | Employed in aircraft engines and automotive exhaust systems due to non-magnetic properties and high strength. |
| Pharmaceutical Industry | Used in equipment where hygiene is critical, as they are easy to clean and resistant to corrosion. |
| Food Processing Equipment | Suitable for use in food processing plants due to the non-corrosive nature and ability to withstand cleaning processes. |
Why Choose Stainless Steel 321H Fasteners from ASC LLP?
As a leading supplier of stainless steel fasteners, ASC LLP is committed to providing high-quality 321H stainless steel fasteners that meet industry standards and client requirements. Here’s why you should consider sourcing stainless steel fasteners 321H from ASC LLP:
- Quality Assurance: At ASC LLP, we prioritize quality, ensuring that all our 321H SS fasteners undergo rigorous quality checks to meet international standards. Our products are reliable, durable, and capable of performing well in demanding environments.
- Custom Solutions: We understand that every project is unique, and we offer custom manufacturing solutions to meet specific customer requirements. Whether you need unique dimensions, shapes, or configurations, we have the expertise to deliver.
- Competitive Pricing: Our SS 321H fasteners are competitively priced, offering great value without compromising on quality. We strive to deliver fasteners that meet both your performance needs and budget requirements.
- Comprehensive Support: Our team of professionals is available to provide technical support and guidance regarding the selection and application of 321H SS fasteners. We are dedicated to helping you find the right solution for your project.
- Timely Delivery: We value your time, and our streamlined supply chain ensures that your 321H SS fasteners are delivered to your site without unnecessary delays, enabling you to complete your projects on schedule.
321H SS fasteners are a reliable solution for high-temperature and high-pressure applications, offering excellent thermal stability, superior tensile strength, and resistance to corrosion. These fasteners are well-suited for industries ranging from chemical processing to power generation and automotive applications. The unique properties of 321H stainless steel—such as titanium stabilization and higher carbon content—make these fasteners a preferred choice for environments that demand durability, reliability, and resistance to extreme conditions.
Global Reach
Amardeep Steel Centre boasts a robust global presence and is committed to delivering unparalleled service and quality to clients around the world. Our dedication to prompt delivery and exceptional customer care sets us apart in the industry. Major corporations across the USA, Europe, Asia, and other regions place their trust in our high-quality Stainless Steel 321H Fasteners. This widespread trust underscores our reputation for reliability and excellence. By consistently meeting and exceeding the expectations of our international clientele, we continue to solidify our position as a leader in the global steel market.
Countries We Export To
UNITED STATES, EUROPE, UK, UAE, SAUDI ARABIA, OMAN, KUWAIT, JORDAN, QATAR, INDONESIA, MALAYSIA, BRAZIL, SPAIN, ITALY, FRANCE, GERMANY, BAHRAIN, SRI LANKA, AZERBAIJAN, AUSTRALIA, AUSTRIA, PHILIPPINES, TURKEY, RUSSIA, IRAN, IRAQ, CANADA, KOREA, JAPAN, YEMEN, FINLAND, ZIMBABWE, HUNGARY, PORTUGAL, VIETNAM, MOROCCO, THAILAND, SOUTH AFRICA, MEXICO, SINGAPORE, GREECE, KUWAIT, POLAND, NEW ZEALAND, SWEDEN, SWITZERLAND, BELGIUM, BHUTAN, BANGLADESH, TAIWAN, ROMANIA, CAMBODIA, KAZAKHSTAN, AFGHANISTAN.
